What is the primary function of the zone of maturation in roots?

The zone of maturation in roots is primarily responsible for cell differentiation. In this region, the cells that have elongated and divided in earlier zones begin to develop and specialize into various types of tissues such as root hairs, which increase surface area for nutrient absorption and enhance water uptake. This differentiation is crucial as it allows the roots to effectively perform their functions, including anchoring the plant and facilitating nutrient and water uptake from the soil.

While cell division occurs in other sections of the root, such as the zone of cell division, and cell elongation takes place in the zone of elongation, the zone of maturation specifically focuses on the transformation of cells into their mature forms with distinct roles. Additionally, while nutrient absorption is a vital function of mature root structures, it is driven by the differentiation of those cells, particularly root hairs, which are specialized for that purpose. Thus, the most accurate description of the primary function in the zone of maturation is that it is focused on the differentiation of cells to support these later functions.