What is the process called when an offspring develops from a specialized site on the parent organism?

The process where an offspring develops from a specialized site on the parent organism is called budding. In budding, a new individual forms as an outgrowth or "bud" from the parent, which eventually detaches and becomes a separate organism. This type of asexual reproduction is commonly observed in certain invertebrates, such as hydra and yeast, where the parent organism grows a mini version of itself that eventually matures into an independent entity.

Understanding this concept is crucial because it illustrates the diversity of reproductive strategies in the living world and highlights how some organisms can reproduce without the genetic contribution of another individual.