What process do eukaryotic cells use for cellular division?

Eukaryotic cells undergo mitosis for cellular division, a process that allows them to produce two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell. Mitosis is crucial for growth, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms. The process is characterized by a series of tightly regulated stages, including prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, followed by cytokinesis, where the cytoplasm divides.

During mitosis, the genetic material, organized as chromosomes, is accurately replicated and distributed to ensure that each daughter cell receives the correct number of chromosomes. This precise division is vital for maintaining the integrity of the organism's genetic information.

Other processes like binary fission are characteristic of prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) and involve simpler division methods that do not include the complex processes seen in mitosis. Exocytosis refers to the process by which cells transport materials out of the cell, and cellular respiration is the biochemical process wherein cells convert nutrients into energy. These processes, while essential for cell function and survival, are not involved in the division of eukaryotic cells.