What term describes a solution with a greater concentration of solutes than the cell?

The term that describes a solution with a greater concentration of solutes than that found within a cell is "hypertonic." In a hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes is higher outside the cell compared to the concentration of solutes inside the cell. As a result, water moves out of the cell in an attempt to balance the solute concentrations on both sides of the cell membrane. This process can lead to cell shrinkage or crenation because the cell loses water to the surrounding environment.

In contrast, an isotonic solution has equal concentrations of solutes inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water. A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell, causing water to move into the cell and potentially leading to swelling or even bursting of the cell. Equilibrium refers to a state where the concentrations are balanced, but does not specifically characterize the relative concentrations of solutes in relation to a cell.