Which ecological concept best describes the abiotic and biotic relationships in a give area?

An ecosystem is the ecological concept that encompasses both abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) components and their interactions within a given area. It includes all the communities of organisms, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as the physical environment they inhabit, including elements like soil, water, air, and climate.

In an ecosystem, the biotic components interact through various relationships such as predation, competition, and symbiosis, while the abiotic factors provide the necessary conditions that support life, such as temperature, light, and nutrients. This interconnectedness demonstrates how living organisms depend on their physical environment and each other for survival and reproduction.

In contrast, community refers specifically to the group of different species living and interacting in a particular area, focusing only on the living components. Population narrows it down further to a group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area. Biome describes larger regional ecosystems defined by geographic and climatic factors but does not include the same level of specificity regarding the interactions between abiotic and biotic components found in an ecosystem. Thus, an ecosystem is the most comprehensive concept to describe the interactions between living and non-living factors within a defined area.