Which genetic disorder is primarily associated with males and involves prolonged bleeding?

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder that primarily affects males and is characterized by the inability to properly form blood clots, leading to prolonged bleeding. This condition arises due to mutations in genes responsible for producing blood-clotting factors, particularly Factor VIII or Factor IX. Since these genes are located on the X chromosome, hemophilia is inherited in an X-linked recessive manner; males, who have only one X chromosome, are more likely to express the disorder if they inherit the mutated gene from their mother.

In contrast, red-green color blindness is also an X-linked condition, but it primarily affects vision rather than causing bleeding issues. Tay-Sachs disease is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects individuals regardless of gender and primarily leads to neurological decline. Polydactyly is a genetic variation that results in extra fingers or toes and is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, not specifically associated with prolonged bleeding. Thus, hemophilia is distinctly recognized for its link to prolonged bleeding in males due to its genetic inheritance pattern.